Tag Archives: Cosmic Impacts

A dark, cratered near-Earth asteroid, resembling 99942 Apophis, approaches Earth in this painting by planetary scientist and artist William K. Hartmann.
1999: Understanding the Torino Impact Hazard Scale

The Torino Scale assesses cosmic impact risks on Earth, ranging from 0 (no risk) to 10 (certain catastrophe). All known PHAs currently score 0, but monitoring continues