Identification Characteristics:
Colony morphology: Bushy, branching, with complex forms that vary depending on the environment. Branches are numerous, exhibiting diverse growth patterns, sometimes growing at a 30° angle, and sometimes horizontally. Branch diameters range from 1.5 to 4.5 mm. Branch tips are typically short, dividing 2-3 times, with pointed apices. Polyps are arranged in 7-9 longitudinal rows along the branches. The mouth of the polyps is oval at the branch tips, becoming circular towards the base. The lip of the mouth is slightly elevated, and the base is deep. Polyps near the branch tips have thin skeletal walls, while those towards the base have thicker walls. Live specimens exhibit pale brown, yellow, or cream coloration, with the branch tips often displaying a pale yellow or white hue.
Biology and Ecology:
Found in a wide range of habitats, including both high and low wave energy environments. Depth range: 0-55m.
Distribution:
Vietnam: Found on coastal coral reefs from Da Nang (Son Tra Peninsula) to Ba Ria – Vung Tau (Con Dao), the islands of the Southwestern Sea (Tho Chu, Nam Du, An Thoi), the Truong Sa and Hoang Sa archipelagos.
Global: From the Red Sea and the east coast of Africa in the west to Samoa and Phoenix Islands in the east; from Lord Howe Island (Australia) in the south to the Ryukyu Islands (Japan) in the north.
Value:
Used in handicrafts and for aquarium decoration. Its vibrant colors enhance the beauty of coral reefs.
Conservation Status:
Currently subject to unsustainable exploitation. This species is sensitive and experiences mass mortality when water becomes turbid or when salinity is low. Its distribution range is continuously shrinking due to coastal environmental pollution.
Red List Status:
EN A1a,c,d B2a,c.
Conservation Measures:
- Prohibit exploitation for handicrafts.
- Protect island forests and headwater forests.
- Prohibit fishing on reefs using poisons or explosives.
- Prohibit trawling near coral reefs.
- Invest in biological research to establish a basis for sustainable exploitation and the development of resources.