Identification:
The colony is a bush composed of multiple branch-like stalks; the side branches do not form a solid, cylindrical mass, and have rounded tips. Numerous wart-like protrusions are present on the sides of the branch tips, with a few larger ones at the base of the main branch. The mouth openings have a diameter of 0.5 – 1.3mm and are polygonal, densely packed on side branches and tips, appearing circular with vertical walls and sparsely distributed on the main branches. Live specimens typically exhibit a uniform color, ranging from red, pale yellow, to deep yellow.
Biology and Ecology:
Belongs to the reef-building coral group, found at depths of 0 – 20m, in areas with strong to moderate wave action.
Distribution:
- In Vietnam: Found on coral reefs from Quang Tri province (Con Co Island) to Ba Ria – Vung Tau (Con Dao), the Southwestern Islands (Tho Chu, Nam Du, An Thoi, Phu Quoc), and the Spratly and Paracel Islands.
- Globally: Tropical regions of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Value:
Used for handicrafts and aquarium decoration.
Conservation Status:
The species is currently being overexploited. It is a sensitive species, prone to mass mortality when environmental conditions change. Its distribution area is shrinking due to coastal pollution, particularly from turbid water and low salinity.
Assessment:
VU A1c,d B2b+3d
Conservation Measures:
Included in the Vietnam Red Book (1992-2000). The following measures are recommended: No exploitation of live coral for handicrafts; protect forests on islands and upstream forests to prevent terrestrial runoff impacting the coral; prohibit fishing on reefs using poisons and explosives; and prohibit the use of trawling nets near coral reefs.