Latin name:Lutraria rhynchaena
Vietnamese Name:Tu hài
Family:Mactridae
Order:Veneroida
Class (Group):

Identification:

  • Shell: Boat-shaped, approximately 100-120 mm in length. The apex of the shell is white, transitioning to a dark yellow in the remaining portion, or the entire shell can be a pale white. Concentric growth lines are not very distinct. The ligament is triangular. The main tooth is V-shaped. Anterior and posterior muscle scars are very clear, resembling the shape of a pear. The pallial sinus is deep, and the posterior gape is thumb-shaped.

Biology and Ecology:

  • Feeds on phytoplankton. Inhabits coarse, clean sandy substrates. Typically found in waters with stable salinity of 25-32‰, near coral reefs, and distributed from the low intertidal zone to a depth of 5 meters.

Distribution:

  • Vietnam: Cat Ba (Hai Phong), Ha Long Bay (Quang Ninh).
  • World: Western and Southern Australia.

Value:

  • The meat is considered delicious and is a local specialty found only in Cat Ba and Quang Ninh. It is a premium food source.

Conservation Status:

  • A rare species, but not yet included in the Red Book for protection. A decrease in population of approximately 50% has been observed in the last 10-15 years. A further estimated decline of 20% is predicted in the next 5-10 years. Due to its limited distribution, small population size, and high economic value, it is heavily harvested and highly susceptible to extinction.

IUCN Red List Category:

  • EN A1a,c B1 C1

Conservation Measures:

  • Prohibition of harvesting during the breeding season.
  • Limited exploitation.
  • Protection of the environment in areas where this species is found.