Identification:
Colonies are branching, exhibiting dichotomous branching patterns with branches primarily aligned within the same plane, lacking anastomoses. Branch tips are elongated, flexible, and sway in the water. Well-developed colonies can reach nearly 1 meter in height, occasionally displaying irregular branching. Branches are flattened dorsoventrally, with polyps arranged in longitudinal rows along the two sides of the branches. The anterior and posterior surfaces of the branches have longitudinal grooves. The coenosteum is thick, with spindle-shaped sclerites, 0.1 – 0.2 mm long, featuring small protuberances at both ends. Some smaller, irregularly shaped sclerites may also be present. The axial skeleton is ivory-white, containing a small central core. In life, the coral exhibits a reddish-maroon coloration.
Biology and Ecology:
Forms dense aggregations in shallow marine environments (3 – 8 meters depth). It can tolerate relatively turbid or low-light conditions. Crinoids (sea lilies) or Ophiuroids (brittle stars) are often found attached to the coral, and occasionally bivalve mollusks.
Distribution:
- Vietnam: Quảng Ninh (Hạ Long Bay, Cô Tô Archipelago), Hải Phòng (Cát Bà Island, Long Châu Archipelago), Kiên Giang (Phú Quốc Island).
- Worldwide: China (Guangdong), Singapore.
Value:
Contributes to reef formation, possesses vibrant colors that enhance the aesthetic appeal of coral reefs, and has tourism value. This group also exhibits potential for bioactive compounds.
Conservation Status:
Relatively restricted distribution. It is a sensitive species, highly susceptible to mortality when environmental conditions change. The population size and distribution area are declining rapidly due to environmental pollution.
Assessment: EN A1a,c B1+2a,c.
Conservation Measures:
Protecting the habitat from turbidity and freshwater input. Conservation of island forests and headwater forests. Investment in biological research to provide a foundation for conservation and sustainable development.