Identification:
The species is characterized by a large body, with a carapace length up to 470 mm. It possesses a toothed turtle beak, with the upper jaw forming two sharp, tooth-like projections. The carapace is domed and elongated, without serrations along its posterior edge. The plastron has a convex anterior margin, an emarginated posterior margin, and a straight lateral margin on the posterior portion. The feet are flattened, and the toes are webbed. The carapace color is dark brown or black. The head is gray with black and yellow spots, and the jaws are yellow.
Biology and Ecology:
This turtle inhabits canals, ponds, marshes, and even flooded rice paddies with slow-moving water. When provoked, the turtle typically reacts by displaying its toothed beak as a threat. It primarily feeds on aquatic plants; in captivity, it also consumes fruits and vegetables. The turtle lays eggs from December to the following January. Each clutch contains 4 eggs with calcareous shells, measuring 36-38 mm by 57-62 mm.
Distribution:
- Vietnam: Đồng Nai, Kiên Giang, Cà Mau provinces.
- International: Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia.
Value:
This species has scientific and aesthetic value, allowing students to learn about the ecological behavior of this species in the wild. They are also kept in recreational facilities like zoos.
Conservation Status:
The population has declined significantly, by more than 50%, due to hunting, trade, and habitat degradation (use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in rice fields).
IUCN Red List Category:
EN A1c,d + 2cd.
Conservation Measures:
Strict prohibition of hunting. The establishment of breeding programs is necessary.