Identification:
The Asian small-clawed otter has a shorter, more robust body compared to other otter species. Its webbed feet do not fully extend to the tips of the toes, which are covered with fur. It possesses ear flaps that cover the ear openings. The fur is light brown or grey-brown, with a lighter colored underside. A distinguishing feature is its small claws, which do not protrude beyond the fingertips.
Biology and Ecology:
The Asian small-clawed otter primarily feeds on crabs, snails, and insects, followed by fish. Its habitat and activities are associated with aquatic environments, found along coastlines, in areas with mangrove forests, fresh, brackish, water bodies, streams, lakes, and ponds. They are nocturnal, though they may sometimes be seen during the day. They live in social groups of 3-8 individuals or more. They reproduce once or twice a year, with litters of 2-3 pups. Both parents care for the young.
Distribution:
- Vietnam: Observed and sampled in Quảng Ninh (Ha Long Bay), Quảng Trị, Bình Phước, Lâm Đồng, Kiên Giang, and Cà Mau. The Asian small-clawed otter is widely distributed throughout the country.
- Global: India, Nepal, Northern Myanmar, China (Hainan, Taiwan), Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Borneo).
Value:
Contributes to regulating the population sizes of aquatic animal communities. They can be kept as ornamental animals in water parks and zoos.
Conservation Status:
Previously, it was widely distributed throughout the country with abundant populations. Currently, populations have declined significantly due to hunting and habitat loss.
Classification:
VU A1c,d C1+2a (Vulnerable)
Conservation Measures:
It is listed in the Vietnam Red Book and included in Group IB of Decree 32/2006/ND-CP. Immediate measures include prohibiting hunting and habitat destruction, and providing conditions for their recovery and development.